Menstrual cramps, also known as dysmenorrhea, are a common symptom experienced by menstruating individuals. They involve throbbing, cramping pain in the lower abdomen, and can vary significantly in intensity. The best gynaecologist doctor in Behala discusses the types of dysmenorrhea and its management in this blog.
Menstrual cramps can be broadly categorised into two types: primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Each has its own unique set of causes and triggers.
Primary Dysmenorrhea
Primary dysmenorrhea refers to menstrual cramps that do not have any underlying medical conditions. The pain is caused when prostaglandins (a group of lipids with hormone-like actions) are released during menstruation. These typically start around puberty, or a few years after the onset of menstruation and stay for a period of two to three days in every menses. Prostaglandins are responsible for uterine contractions that help shed the uterus lining or endometrium each month. Higher levels of prostaglandins result in more severe cramps.
Some common symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea include lower abdominal pain radiating to the thighs and back accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, and dizziness. These symptoms usually last for up to three days.
Secondary Dysmenorrhea
Secondary dysmenorrhea occurs due to an underlying medical condition such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), fibroids, or an intrauterine device (IUD). Unlike primary dysmenorrhea, secondary dysmenorrhea develops later and may worsen over time. In these cases, it is essential to consult the top gynaecologist surgeon near you for proper diagnosis and treatment of the root cause.
Managing Menstrual Cramps
There are several ways to manage menstrual cramps effectively:
1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Over-the-counter NSAIDs like ibuprofen and naproxen can help relieve menstrual pain by reducing the production of prostaglandins.
2. Exercise: Regular exercise, including stretches and yoga, can increase blood circulation, release endorphins, and alleviate menstrual pain.
3. Dietary changes: Reducing caffeine, alcohol, and salty foods while increasing water intake can help minimise bloating and inflammation. Consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products can also provide relief.
4. Birth control pills: In some cases, hormonal birth control methods such as contraceptive pills are suggested by gynaecologists that can help to reduce the severity of menstrual cramps by regulating hormone levels and preventing ovulation.
If you experience severe or persistent menstrual pain that interferes with your daily life, consult the best gynaecologist doctor in Behala for proper diagnosis and treatment options.
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